The State Policy for the Development of Critical Infrastructure in Countries Around the World: Principles of Construction, Support Mechanisms, and Implementation
Kyzym M. O., Trushkina N. V.

Kyzym, Mykola O., and Trushkina, Nataliia V. (2026) “The State Policy for the Development of Critical Infrastructure in Countries Around the World: Principles of Construction, Support Mechanisms, and Implementation.” The Problems of Economy 1:22–33.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2026-1-22-33

Section: World economy and international relations

UDC 330.34:338.4:351.86:005.591.6

Abstract:
The article provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of State policy for the development of critical infrastructure in countries around the world, focusing on the principles of its construction, support mechanisms, and implementation models. It is substantiated that under conditions of increasing natural, man-made, cyber, and hybrid threats, State policy in the field of critical infrastructure is evolving from an object-oriented protection logic to a service-oriented resilience paradigm, within which the key criterion of criticality and effectiveness is the continuity of the provision of vital services and the management of cross-sectoral and transboundary dependencies. The methodological basis of the study is a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach that combines tools of public administration, economic, and institutional analysis. Methods of comparative, structural-functional, and logical-analytical analysis were applied, as well as a matrix approach to comparing national models of State policy for critical infrastructure development. The information base was formed on the basis of analytical materials from the OECD, the World Bank, the European Commission, ENISA, EU regulatory acts, as well as scientific publications by domestic and foreign researchers. As a result of the study, the key principles of forming State policy for critical infrastructure development were systematized, in particular service orientation, risk-orientation, full-cycle resilience, partnership relations, institutional certainty, and cyber priority. Mechanisms for supporting such policy were summarized, including institutional, regulatory, financial, partnership, and information-analytical tools. The conducted comparative analysis of the European CER-oriented model, the North American sectoral model, the Baltic cyber-oriented approach, and the Asian techno-cyber models made it possible to identify their advantages and limitations in terms of effectiveness and risk manageability. Based on the obtained results, practical recommendations were substantiated for improving mechanisms to support and implement State policy for the development of critical infrastructure, as well as directions for implementing the best global practices in the postwar reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy with a focus on enhancing national resilience and economic security.

Keywords: economic sectors, critical infrastructure, State policy, resilience, vital services, risk management, cross-sectoral dependencies, support mechanisms, institutional capacity, public-private partnership, cyber resilience, sectoral governance, economic secu

Tabl.: 7. Bibl.: 31.

Kyzym Mykola O. – Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Corresponding Member of NAS of Ukraine, Chief research scientist, Department of Industrial Policy and Energy Security, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: m.kyzym@gmail.com
Trushkina Nataliia V. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Senior Research Fellow, Sector of Industrial Policy and Innovative Development of the Department of Industrial Policy and Energy Security, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: trushkina@nas.gov.ua

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