Typology of Business Models in the Smart Economy: An Ontological Approach to Transforming the Logic of Value Creation
Verba V. A., Osokin H. V.

Verba, Veronika A., and Osokin, Hennadii V. (2026) “Typology of Business Models in the Smart Economy: An Ontological Approach to Transforming the Logic of Value Creation.” The Problems of Economy 1:167–176.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2026-1-167-176

Section: Economics and Enterprise Management

UDC 338.242:004

Abstract:
The aim of the article is to develop an integrated typology of enterprise business models in the smart economy based on the ontological approach and to form a coherent conceptual framework that combines structural, activity-based, innovative, and ecosystem approaches, allowing for the explanation of different ways of organizing value creation and monetization in the context of digital and ecosystem transformation of the economic environment. The methodological basis consists of the ontological, systemic, and evolutionary approaches, which made it possible to interpret the business model as a dynamic configuration of actor interactions and a mechanism for coordinating activities in the digital environment. The study substantiates a system of criteria for the typology of business models: the level of digital integration of activities, the nature of ecosystem coordination, the configuration of actor interactions, the logic of organizing and monetizing value, the degree of adaptability, and algorithmic support for management. Based on these criteria, five types of business models have been identified: operationally oriented, integrated digital, platform, ecosystem, and smart-adaptive. The obtained results allow for explaining the evolutionary trajectory of the transition from internally oriented to platform and ecosystem configurations of value creation, while the developed identification methodology provides the ability to determine the dominant type of business model and its hybrid states. In practical terms, the typology can be used to diagnose the level of digital ecosystem integration of enterprises, to determine directions for business model transformation, and to develop strategic decisions in the context of a smart economy. The research results can be applied in strategic management, consulting, the development of digital development policies, and the creation of tools for assessing ecosystem integration. The social consequences are manifested in promoting the development of digital ecosystems, increasing the transparency of market interactions, and stimulating innovative activity. The originality of the research lies in overcoming the conceptual fragmentation of approaches to business models and proposing a coherent integrated framework that for the first time combines digital, coordination, and data-driven dimensions in a holistic typology of business model transformation in a smart economy.

Keywords: business model, typology of business models, smart economy, ontological approach, digital transformation, ecosystem interaction.

Tabl.: 1. Bibl.: 22.

Verba Veronika A. – Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Professor, Department of Management, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman (54/1 Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine)
Email: verba@kneu.edu.ua
Osokin Hennadii V. – Applicant, Department of Management, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman (54/1 Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine)
Email: gennadiy.osokin@kneu.ua

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